Window hinge



March 17, 1942. H. KUYPER 2,276,729

wmnow HINGE Original Filed Oct. 15, 1936 4. Sheets-Sheet l I far/241.5

March 17, 1942. P. H. KUYPER v I 2,276,729

WINDOW HINGE Original Filed Oct. 15, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheei 2 I Y 5 EM 9'w/ [Var/25%! March 17, 1942. P. H. KUYPER 2,276,729

' WINDOW HINGE Original Filed Oct. 15, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 2:; Z 466SS ge a S, Q

Win76 March 17, 1942. E 2,276,729

WINDOW HINGE I Original Filed Oct. 15, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 PatentedMar. 17, 1942 WINDOW HINGE Iowa Original application October 15, 1936,Serial No.

Divided and this application December 18, 1939-, Serial No. 309,850

6 Claims.

The present invention relates to a window structure and this applicationis a division of my co-pending application Serial No. 105,687 filedOctober 15, 1936, which has matured into Patent No. 2,188,050 issuedJanuary 23, 1940.

One object of the invention is to provide a window structure having anumber of improved features, the window being durable and inexpensivefrom a manufacturing and installation standpoint.

A further object is to provide a window including a sheet metal windowframe and wood. sashes, whereby trouble experienced because of theshrinking and swelling of the ordinary wood frames combined with Woodsashes is reduced, and yet a substantially weather-tight window isproduced in the form of a unit which can be readily made in its entiretyand assembled at the factory.

Still a further object is'to provide a sheet metal window frame havingan outer flange for contact with the outer surface of a wall surroundinga window opening in the wall, and having an inner flange between which,andthe inner surface of the wall, retainer elements are interposed,thereby rigidly assembling the Window frame relative to the wall.

Still a further object is to provide in combination with a sheet metalunitary window frame,

wood sashes which are provided with storm sashes supported on andcarried by the wood sashes, whereby the wood sashes may be opened whendesired without the necessity of additionally opening the storm sashes.I

Still another object is to provide a Window structure particularlyadapted for roll screens, the sashes of the window structure beinghinged, and means being provided for opening and closing the sashes andretaining them in the desired position, such means being operable insidethe roll screen so that the roll screen .does not have to be rolled upin order to operate the window.

Still another object is to provide a latching means for the sash whichis operable inside the roll screen.

Still another object is to provide hinging means for the window sasheswhich is operable to permit easy cleaning thereof.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in theconstruction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of thedevice, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinaftermore fully set forth, pointed out in my claims, and illustrated. in theaccompanying'drawings, in which: I

Figure 1 is an outside elevation of a window.

structure embodying my inventioniand showing it mounted in a brick wall.Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same. Figure 3 is an enlargedvertical sectional view on the line 33 of Figure 1, parts beingbrokenaway and removed to conserve space onv the drawings.

Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view on the. line 4-4 of Figure 2illustrating the sash latch. Figure 5 is a sectional viewon the line 55'of Figure 4 showing further details of the sash latch.

Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view on the Y line 66 of Figure 1,showing a sash. operator.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of an articulated hinge designed for easycleaning of the sash,

showing it in the open position.

Figure 8 is a similar perspective view of a portion of Figure 7 showingthe hinge in' the closed I position.

Figure 9 is an enlarged sectional view on'the line 9-9 of Figure 2showing the connection of the hinge to the window sash.

Figure. 10 is an enlarged sectional view on the line ifl-J-ll of Figure2 showing details of the sash operator, the sash being shown in planView.

Figure 11 is an enlarged sectional view on the line H-H of Figure 2showing a horizontal sectional view through the window structure. a

Figure 12 is a perspective view of astorm sash used in connection withmy window structure.

Figure 13 is a vertical sectional view similar to a portion of Figure 3showing'the window structure associated with the wall of a framebuilding.

Figure 14 is a perspectiveview of an upper.

corner of a windowframeshowing theparts before assembly.

Figure 15 is a similar view showing them after,

assembly.

Figure 16 is a perspective viewfoi a lower corner of the window frameshowing the parts f being positioned for retaining the window frame inposition.

Figure 19 is a perspective view illustrating the coaction of a stormsash with a window. sash of my invention; and i Y Figure 20 is anenlarged'sectional view on the line a c-2o of FigureZa'showing detailsof a TENT OF ICE.

provided with flanges 28 and 22.

weather strip used in connection with my invention.

On the accompanying drawings my window frame comprises in general a sillmember S, side jamb members J and a head jamb member If. The sill S incross section has a level portion I and a sloping portion l2. Ihe headmember H i has a downwardly opening or upwardly depressed portion l4.

All four of the members S, J, J and H are provided with outer flanges l6and inner hooked flanges 18. The flanges l6 are preferably reinforced bystrips IEa spot welded or otherwise suitably secured to the flanges l6.

As illustrated in Figures 14 and l6, the upper and lower ends of theside jamb members J are These are adaptedto overlap the ends of themembers H and S as shown. in Figures 15 and 1'7, and to be spot weldedthereto, whereby a unitary frame of stamped sheet metal is providedafter the parts are thus assembled together.

The strips I611 aresomewhat shorter than the flanges .IB and this is forthe purpose of permitting the use of angle members 24 to connect theflanges I6 of the four frame members together. The member H is alsoprovided with a drip flange 26 to prevent the entrance of water hehindthe upper flange l6 at'the head of the window frame.

The window frame thus far described is adapted for mounting in thewindow opening in a wall W as illustrated in Figure 3. The windowopening is made, of the proper size and fitted with a wood sill 28having a sill block 30 mounted on top thereof, the outer edge of whichis coincident with the outer face of the wall W.

The window frame is inserted into the window opening with the flanges isagainst that portion of the wall immediately surrounding the windowopening, mastic or other sealing agent 32 shown by black shading beingused to provide awater-tight joint. The flanges 16 are then secured inposition by fastening elements such as screws 34 extending throughopenings 38 in the flanges and into the wall and the sill block 38.

After the window frame is thus mounted, retainer strips R. are utilizedto more rigidly retain the frame in position, and especially the inneredge in position relative to the: inner surface of the wall W. Theretainer strips R are angle shaped in cross section and have flanges 38and 48. The flanges 38 are adapted to be received in the hooked flangesI8, as shown in Figure 18, and then the flanges 40 are swung in thedirection of the arrow at to a position against the inner surface of thewall and secured thereto as .by nails 42 (see Figure 3). One retainerstrip B may be used for each flange l8'if desirable. The inner surfacesor backs of the flanges l8 serve as a plaster ground, thisflange, ofcourse, extending around the four sides of the window frame.

In association with my window frame I provide wood sashes S comprisingthe usual rails, stiles and glass panes M puttied in position. Inaddition to this ordinary construction, however, I rabbet the rails andstiles as indicated at 45 to receive a storm sash SS. I

The storm sash comprises preferably a single pane of glass 48 and asheet metal frame 58. As shown in Figure 4 a liner. of rubber or thelike 52 is interposed between the peripheral edge of the pane 48 andthe. metal frame 58.

The storm sash SS has a finger clip 54 at its upper edge for conveniencein supporting it while placing it in position relative to the sash S orremoving it therefrom.

For retaining the storm sash SS in position, I provide retainer buttons56 which are pivoted to the sash S as by screws 58 and may be swung topositions either overlapping or out of alinement with the storm sashframe 58, as shown by full and dotted lines respectively in Figure 19.

By the combination of a sheet metal frame and a wood sash I obtain allthe advantages of a wood sash but eliminate the disadvantage of a woodframe combined therewith, and which disadvantage consists of binding ofthe parts due to swelling of both the frame and the sash. Metal, ofcourse, does not swell and accordingly would retain the same dimensionswhether the atmosphere is wet or dry, and therefore only the swelling ofthe sash has to be contended with. y This materially reduces the troubleexperienced by the swelling of wood.

I have also made provisions for the mounting of a roll screenhousing RHby providing the recess l4 in the head jamb member H. The screen isillustrated at 60 and the guides for the edges thereof at 62. A binderbar 84 is secured to the lower edge of the screen 60 and is adapted tobe pulled down to a position contacting with an auxiliary sill memberS", as shown in Figure 6. Latches 66 are provided for latching thebinder bar in this position.

The roll screen housing RH is retained in position by side jamb liners68 extending from the upper surface of the sill 10 to the under surfaceof the housing RH. The side jamb liners 68 are retained in position asby screws 10 and serve as side stops for the sash S as shown in Figures4 and 11. A head stop and a sill stop are provided at 12 and 14 whichmay be strips of wood retained in position by machine screws 13 and 15as illustrated in Figure 3.

The auxiliary sill S is also formed of sheet metal and is of angleshape. It has a hooked flange 16 contacting with the sill stop 74whereby to provide a hollow sill to receive the operating mechanism forthe sash, as will hereinafter appear. The auxiliary sill S" is retainedin position by the machine screws 15 and additional screws 71. Theauxiliary sill S" extends from the inner face of one jamb liner 68 tothe inner face of the other. The jamb liners 68 are provided withgrooves 78 to receive the screen edge guides 62.

Each sash S is hinged to one of the side jamb members J, as illustratedin Figure 10. The hinge is referred to generally bythe referencecharacter H. The hinge H is of special articulated design to permit easycleaning of the sash. It comprises a first leaf 80 to which is pivoted asecond leaf 82. A third leaf 84 is pivoted to the second leaf-82. Theleaves 8|] and 84 are connected with the flange l6 of the side jambmember J and the upper or lower rail of the sash S respectively. Theleaves 82 and 84 arenormally latched together by a sliding latch 86having an enlarged head' 88 normally assuming a position in front of'theend of the leaf 84.

The leave 84 has a slot 98 therein to receive 2,276,729 of Figure 8) isillustrated by full lines, and in its open position for easy cleaning ofthe sash by dotted lines, the open position of Figure 7 being in excessof the one shown by dotted lines in Figure 10.

When the hinge is opened as in Figure 10 a space indicated at 92 isprovided through which a persons arm can be thrust for cleaning theouter surfaces of the sash panes 44.

In Figure 9 the latched and unlatched positions of the latch 86 areillustrated, and it will be noted that when latched, the head 88 entersa pocket 94 in the sash so as not to interfere with the jamb member Jwhen the sash is swung to closed position. A deeper recess 96 isprovided for the convenience of the operator in engaging the head 88with his finger when unlatching the latch.

Incidentally if the latch is left in the dotted position when the sashis closed, it will engage the jamb and be thereby automatically moved toits latched position. The leaf 84 of the hinge is also provided with afinger 85 to aid in the automatic movement of the hinge to latchedposition. The finger 85 engages the adjacent outer surface of the windowframe so that as a position closely adjacent closed position is assumed,the finger 85 being thus engaged with the frame will tend to close thehinge-leaves 82 and 84 relative to each other so that the latch 88 canproperly cooperate with the edges of the slot 90.

For opening the sash S without the necessity of raising the screen 68 Iprovide an operator comprising a crank 98 journalled in a hub I of theauxiliary sill S", and an actuating lever I02. The lever m2 is pivotedat I04 and is provided with worm gear teeth I96. The crank is connectedto a worm gear I08 meshing with the teeth I85. The arm I02 is mounted inthe hollow space between the sills S and S", as shown in Figure 6, andhas on its outer end a roller I III.

The roller III] is adapted to travel longitudinally in a formed channelguide H2 attached to the lower rail of the sash S, as shown in Figure10. When the lever I82 is swung from the dotted position to the fullline position, the roller III] will travel in the direction of the arrowb along the channel track H2 to the full line position where the windowis opened. The hooked flange I6 of the auxiliary sill S" is cut away toaccommodate the sweep of the arm I02, the terminal ends of this flangebeing illustrated at H4 in Figure 10.

In order to hold the sash in a tightly closed position, it is necessaryto provide a sash latch in addition to the sash operator just described.The details of this latch are illustrated in Figures 4 and 5. The sashhas a hook I I6 secured thereto with which a cam flange II8 of a latchlever IZII is ooactable.- In Figure 4 the parts are shown in engaged butnot tightened position. Counterclockwise movement of the cam in Figurewill pull the hook H6, and in turn pull the sash S tightly against thejamb stop 68.

The handle I has a stub shaft I 22 with which a sector portion I24 ofthe cam H8 is connected. The stub shaft I22 extends rotatably through abushing I26 fitted in a bore I28 of the sash stop 68. The back of thesash stop is rabbeted as indicated at I29, the rabbet being of suitableshape to accommodate the hook II 6, the cam H8 and the disk I24. Wherethe mounting flange of the screen edge guide 62 extends past the hookH6, it may be notched to avoid interference with the hook.

After the window frame is placed in position and the plasteringfinished, the window may be trimmed in the usual manner, as for instanceby applying an apron I30, stool I32, side casings I34, head casing Weand finishing mouldings I38 and MI Where a transom type window, asillustrated in Figure 3, is provided, an intermediat head jamb H" isprovided, this being of somewhat different shape than the head jamb Hand serving the purpose of both a head jamb for the sash S and a sillfor the transom sash TS. The recess for the roll screen housing RH is inthe form of a pair of flanges I4 extending toward each other.

Where a mullion type window construction is encountered, two of mywindow frames side by side are used as illustrated in Figure 11.

Due to the window frame being made of sheet metal, it is possible to usea very narrow trim on the window, which has been the modern trend.

My window structure is also readily adaptable to the use of weatherstripping. I provide a Weatherstrip W preferably having the crosssection illustrated in Figure 20. An attaching flange I62 is adapted tofit in a rabbet M4 of the side jamb liners 38, while another flange M8of the weather strip W is provided with a central bead M8 and an edgebead IEQ. The central bead M8 is adapted to contact with the outer faceof the liner or stop 68 when the window is closed, as shown by dottedlines, while the bead 523 is adapted to be engaged by the sash S when itis closed. By this arrangement, the installer a can actually see whetheror not the weather strip is contacting with the sash throughout thelength of the strip. If at some point there is nocontact, the strip canbe merely 'bent out, giving it more range in springing back as the sashcloses.

The flange I42 serves as an anchorage flange, requiring only three orfour nails in each strip to hold it in place. This is a decidedimprovement over weatherstrips of the type to be nailed flat against theouter edges of the stop strips and both prying out of the nails when thesash is closed and which require nails at closely spaced points tominimize gapping open of the strip between the nails. My arrangementalso makes it unnecessary to fit the sash closely, as the Weather stripcompensates for small irregularities.

Some changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of theparts of my device without departing from the real spirit and purpose ofmy invention, and it is my intention to cover by my claims any modifiedforms of structure or use of mechanical equivalents which may bereasonably included within their scope.

I claim as my invention:

1. An articulated hinge for mounting a sash relative to a window framecomprising a first leaf secured to the frame, a second leaf hinged tothe first leaf, a third leaf hinged to the free end of the second leafand secured to the sash and a releasable latch for securing said secondand third leaves together as a unit, said latch being slidablelongitudinally of said second leaf, and, when released, permitting theinner edge of said sash when in open position to swing sufliciently faraway from the frame to permit the insertion of a persons arm between thesash and frame for the purpose of cleaning the outer face of the sash,said latch sliding toward the hinge between said first and second leaveswhen it is released and engageable with the window frame when the sashis closed whereby such engagement latches the latch.

2. An articulated hinge for mounting a sash relative to a window framecomprising a first leaf secured to the frame, a second leaf hinged tothe first leaf, a third leaf secured to the sash, said third leaf beingchannel shaped and adapted to receive said second leaf between theflanges and against the web thereof, a hinge pin carried by said secondleaf and extending through said flanges to hinge said third leaf to saidsecond leaf, and a releasable latch for securing said second and thirdleaves together as a unit, said latch when released permitting the inneredge of said sash when in open position to swing away from the portionof the window frame to which said first leaf is secured.

3. An articulated hinge for mounting a sash relative to a window framecomprising a first leaf secured to a window frame, a second leaf hingedto the first leaf, a third leaf hinged to the second leaf and secured tothe sash and a latch slidable on said second leaf to secure it and saidthird leaf together as a unit, said third leaf having a slot to receivesaid latch and said latch having an enlarged head to overlap edgeportions of said third leaf adjacent said slot.

4. An articulated hinge for mounting a sash in a frame, said hingecomprising a first leaf secured to the frame, a second leaf hingedthereto, a third leaf hinged to the second leaf and secured to the sash,the free end of said third leaf being slotted and a releasable latchslidably mounted on said second leaf and engageable with the edges ofsaid slot to secure the third leaf to the second leaf with said latchreceived in said slot, said latch having an enlarged head for engagementwith the side edges of said slot in overlying relation thereto, saidhead being adjacent said first leaf and engageable with said frame whenthe sash is closed with such engagement effecting latching of ,thelatch, said third leaf having a finger thereon adjacent said first leafwhen the sash is closed and adapted to engage the outer face of theframe to close the third leaf toward the second leaf as the sash assumesa position closely adjacent its closed position.

5. An articulated hinge for mounting a sash in a frame, saidhingecompris-ing a first leaf secured to the frame, a second leaf hingedthereto, a third leaf hinged to the second leaf and secured to the sash,the free end of said third leaf being slotted and a releasable latchslidably mounted on said second leaf and engageable with the edges ofsaid slot to secure the third leaf to the second leaf with said latchreceived in said slot, said latch having an enlarged head forengagementwith the side edges of said slot in overlying relationthereto, said head being adjacent said first leaf and engageable withsaid frame when the sash is closed with such engagement effectinglatching of the latch.

6. An articulated hinge for mounting a sash in a frame comprising afirst leaf secured to the frame, a second leaf hinged thereto, a thirdleaf hinged to the free end of the second leaf and secured to the sash,and a releasable latch on said second leaf and engageable with saidthird leaf to secure it to the second leaf, said third leaf having afinger thereon adjacent said first leaf when the sash is closed andadapted to engage the outer face of the frame to close the third leaftoward the second leaf as the sash assumes a position closely adjacentits closed position.

PETE-R. H. KUYPER.

